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Regeneration of heat and water from the exhaust air stream
Jankůj, Tomáš ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with the process of wood drying. It is a method of removing excess water from wood. Drying can be divided into two basic types. The first type is natural drying. The material is dried without the presence of foreign energy source. This type depends only on climatic conditions and the amount of sunlight. Another type is artificial drying, where is pre-sent a foreign energy source, such as a biomass boiler. The second type is significantly faster than the first. The second type of drying uses a device called a wood dryer. There are a lot of types of wood dryers, the most widely used are kiln dryer, belt dryer, rotary drum dryer. In these devices, the thermal energy is transferred to the drying materials by the flowing warm drying medium (convection). The heat is transferred to the drying medium in a heat exchan-ger. Because the drying process is very energy demanding, it is appropriate to reduced the required energy. This can be done by regenerating heat and water. In the heat exchanger, part of the heat can be gained from the flowing exhaust medium. If a condensation of evaporated water in the exchanger occurs, the latent heat of the water is released. The gained heat is used to preheat the drying medium and thereby to reduce the required energy.
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Source for heat production in the Czech Republic
Bártová, Jana ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with thermal recources in the Czech Republic. The first part of the work is about the division and description of heating plants used for the production of thermal and electric energy. The second part of the thesis describes the advantages and disadvantages of district heating and individual heating. The last part of my work contains statistical processing of heat sources located in the Czech Republic.
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Study of applicability of suitable materials for long-term storage of heat energy
Bukvová, Veronika ; Šot, František (referee) ; Šťastník, Stanislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with appropriate ways of storing thermal energy and selection of materials for a high capacity storage unit. The thesis describes technologies currently used for long-term storage of thermal energy, structural arrangement of the thermal unit, physical properties of the materials usable for construction of high-temperature storage units and the utilization of these materials. The thesis also describes the measuring procedure of the material characteristics and the method of evaluation.
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Air-water heat pump
Ondráček, Miroslav ; Moskalík, Jiří (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with modern detached house heating by heat pumps. Heat pump is an energetic device able to withdraw (at relatively low temperature) thermal energy from surrounding environment and transform it to heat usable for heating a house or warming up water or a swimming pool. For the process to work, it is necessary to provide a little electrical energy to propel a compressor. Relation between thermal energy gained and electrical energy supplied is then called a heating factor. The heating factor is usually between 3 and 5 according to heat pump operating conditions. The lower is an output temperature, the higher is the heating factor. An underfloor heating operated at 35 degrees Celsius (while the house is warm enough) is ideal for using the heat pump. The thesis describes various heat pump types and their advantages and disadvantages. Air/water heat pump is then explained in more detail including estimation of investment rate of return compared to gas heating.
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Hot water heating systems with solar component
Umýsa, Radovan ; Štětina, Josef (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with the description of hot-water heating systems using solar elements. This work consists of two parts. In the first part of thesis describes types of hot-water heating systems and their distribution according to different aspects. The following are the basic types of components, which are used in such systems. The work also discusses the use of sunlight to obtain thermal energy using solar collectors. The second part of work is focused on technical-economic comparison of solar heating systems for TV and heating, using two different types of solar collectors.
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Concept of a small nuclear reactor for the heat supply purposes
Bobčík, Marek ; Skála, Zdeněk (referee) ; Martinec, Jiří (advisor)
The objective of this diploma thesis is to assess the suitability of a small nuclear reactor for the purpose of heat supply in small towns and cities. First, all the heat demands of these towns and cities are analysed. Then, a small nuclear reactor to serve these needs is designed and a computational model for burn-up fuel is created. The thesis aims to propose a design of a new heat exchanger. Economic and environmental criteria are taken into account as well and including safety measures. The outcome of this thesis is an evaluation of the whole concept with respect to potential future implementation.
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The assessment of connectivity 138 MW combined heat and power plant in Prostějov
Vacek, Tomáš ; Opat, Jaroslav (referee) ; Bátora, Branislav (advisor)
The goal of this project is to test the possibility to connect the Cogenerational generation of power 138 MW (still in the development stage) to the control room 110 kV in Prostejov production. This merge would product the electrical energy as well as the heat energy for all local area. In this dissertation we will be considering the solution of the steady state (stationary state) of system with the voltage level of 110kV, as well as the influence of the generation of power on this system, there by the suggesting a connection. The Congenerational production indicates higher effectiveness in the transformation of energy during primary production process due to the production of heat energy as well as the electrical energy from the primary power sources. In our country, as well as around the world, commonly used fuels are fossil fuels- coal, crude oil, and gas. As the demand for energy grows, those supplies are slowly running out. Not to mention that those fuels have a negative environmental impact. They are a source of carbon, which causes damage to the atmosphere and leads to global warming. Power plants which do not produce carbon are much safer for the environment, and much more productive. However, the residue of this energy is challenging to dispose of. Nuclear energy has common attributes with renewing the sources of energies that are extremely friendly to our environment. Nuclear power plants also produce enough energy and with the usage of Fourth generation reactors, they will be able to recycle the nuclear fuels. Today, more importance is put on renewing sources which are more gentle for the environment. In the near future, CEZ Company, the largest producer of electric energy is planning to use water energy. Water energy comes from water plants or dams. Other ecological forms of energy include geothermal and solar energies. These two types of energy are not as applicable for our geographical position. Geothermal energy is commonly used on islands where there is an abundance of natural hot springs. The most discussed source of energy is bioenergy. It uses natural wood sources, recycled wood products, and applies bioenergy as a main source for thermal power plants.
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Analysis of the economic efficiency of a solar system
Mikl, Antonín ; Pithart, Jan (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
The Master’s thesis deals with the processing of solar thermal systems for heating hot water, outdoor swimming pool and heating selected house. Introduces us how we can use the sun for the production of thermal energy through solar collectors. Furthermore, the basic components of the solar system and the types of collectors used. After this summary on the present state be the calculation of the system and fixing the price of the investment. The economic part of the evaluate if this system to invest, eventually appoint a return on investment.
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Cogeneration plants on vegetable oil
Macoszek, Pavel ; Baxant, Petr (referee) ; Radil, Lukáš (advisor)
The thesis is focused on cogeneration units on vegetable oil. The first chapter contains basic information about the production, supply and consumption of electric energy in the Czech Republic and about renewable energy sources. The following chapter is devoted to possibilities of use oil kinds of phytomass in the Czech Republic, or products made from them. Next chapter is mentioned on legislation allowing the use of used cooking oils for energy purposes. It contains a summary of the laws and regulations and options regarding subsidies for electric and heat power. The main objective of these chapters is to explain the issue of the establishment and operation of cogeneration units on vegetable oil. The following chapters are devoted to the design and study of simultaneously operated cogeneration unit on the vegetable oil with a combustion engine and the calculation of economic operation running. The reason of study is to evaluation, which on based of the input values and calculation methods determine the economic efficiency of the project cogeneration unit on vegetable oil under mode purchase price and mode green bonus. Appreciation is also given to the overall legal review and responsibilities of cogeneration units on vegetable oil.
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